As we learned before, nouns have genders in Latin and besides masculine/feminine nouns there are also neuter nouns. These have neither gender. Of the three declensions we have learned, the neuters exist only in the second and third declensions. They have close parallels to the other noun forms, so close that you have been translating them without realizing you were translating neuter nouns since they look so much like the masculine forms.
Look on page 114 for the neuter noun forms and compare them to the forms you already learned. This is a fun and slightly informative video about the page 114 material. Watch and enjoy.
roads
Look on page 114 for the neuter noun forms and compare them to the forms you already learned. This is a fun and slightly informative video about the page 114 material. Watch and enjoy.
roads
Here is a lesson on just the neuters of the second declension, a little more serious this time:
Now let's look at the neuters of the third declension too.
As you compare these to what you know, you will know them better in the process. Now let's do an exercise or two applying these:
2nd Neuters
3rd Neuters
Here is a combined exercise using both declensions in one. See how you do:
Neuters
We are at the stage where we need to know more about numbers. You know already that we use today the Arabic numeral system but the Romans used the system that you probably learned in grade school and then ignored. What you do not know is that both the Greeks and Romans, with sophisticated engineering, used their very limited mathematical system very effectively even though it did not have a system for multiplying or dividing. That's right! They did not have a way to multiply or divide numbers, they had another system. I'll show it to you shortly. Also, in some ways the Roman number system is easier than ours. Here, let me now show you:
2nd Neuters
3rd Neuters
Here is a combined exercise using both declensions in one. See how you do:
Neuters
We are at the stage where we need to know more about numbers. You know already that we use today the Arabic numeral system but the Romans used the system that you probably learned in grade school and then ignored. What you do not know is that both the Greeks and Romans, with sophisticated engineering, used their very limited mathematical system very effectively even though it did not have a system for multiplying or dividing. That's right! They did not have a way to multiply or divide numbers, they had another system. I'll show it to you shortly. Also, in some ways the Roman number system is easier than ours. Here, let me now show you:
Do you see why Romans preferred to write IV as IIII ? In the Middle Ages, they had the Arabic system to help them and were abandoning the Roman math since the Arab model gave more flexibility.
Look at the words for numbers now on page 116. Notice that the popular numbers of 'one, two, three' have case endings and the others do not. They just 'are.' Do this exercise to learn these forms. Also, these numbers are used in sentences to improve your reading ability with numbers in context.
Numbers
The key Roman numbers that are easy to forget are L, C, D, M. You can pretty easily remember C as Centum for 100, M for Mille for 1000. But D and L? Well. Those you just have to remember: L is ... 50, and D is ... 500.
BIG HINT TIME: One of the above four number is used in a test we give you later!
Look at the vocabulary on page 113, when ready take on these three lessons:
vocabulary 1
vocabulary 2
vocabulary 3
For our culture lesson we want to learn about transportation. The infrastructure of our society just did not happen, someone built it. Safe roads, clean water, electric service, the internet, all and more are part of this infrastructure allowing our way of life. It makes us more efficient and productive. We all in our lives have been warmed by fires we did not build and drunk from well we did not dig. So the infrastructure of a society is a gift to the next generation, and ourselves, building to make society stronger. It is true for us and for the Romans. The topic of roads is these lesson.
Look at this link for a discussion of Roman roads. Then this video.
Look at the words for numbers now on page 116. Notice that the popular numbers of 'one, two, three' have case endings and the others do not. They just 'are.' Do this exercise to learn these forms. Also, these numbers are used in sentences to improve your reading ability with numbers in context.
Numbers
The key Roman numbers that are easy to forget are L, C, D, M. You can pretty easily remember C as Centum for 100, M for Mille for 1000. But D and L? Well. Those you just have to remember: L is ... 50, and D is ... 500.
BIG HINT TIME: One of the above four number is used in a test we give you later!
Look at the vocabulary on page 113, when ready take on these three lessons:
vocabulary 1
vocabulary 2
vocabulary 3
For our culture lesson we want to learn about transportation. The infrastructure of our society just did not happen, someone built it. Safe roads, clean water, electric service, the internet, all and more are part of this infrastructure allowing our way of life. It makes us more efficient and productive. We all in our lives have been warmed by fires we did not build and drunk from well we did not dig. So the infrastructure of a society is a gift to the next generation, and ourselves, building to make society stronger. It is true for us and for the Romans. The topic of roads is these lesson.
Look at this link for a discussion of Roman roads. Then this video.
For our culture quiz, you may be directed to other sites in the introduction, so read that before proceeding to the questions. Great work so far!
culture
With this background, go the translation on page 113. Enter your numbered sentences into your notebook for later reference. Learn about the various modes of transport available to the people of Rome.
culture
With this background, go the translation on page 113. Enter your numbered sentences into your notebook for later reference. Learn about the various modes of transport available to the people of Rome.
pen/paper exercise
Chapter 15 Noun Practice
Part I
Give the Latin:
1. dangers abl. pl
2. time acc s.
3. rooms nom. pl.
4. name abl. s.
5. wheel acc. s.
6. oxen acc. pl.
7. load gen. s.
8. cart abl. s.
9. vehicles gen. pl.
10. clouds dat. pl.
11. dust acc. s
12. silence gen. s.
13. rumble nom. s.
14. sticks abl. pl.
15. tracks acc. pl
Part II Give the case and number of each noun. Some will have more than one answer.
1. rotam
2. pulvis
3. plaustra
4. oneribus
5. boves
6. vehiculo
7. cisiis
8. fossâ
9. pulveris
10. tunica
11. raedarum
12. murmur
13. cubiculo
14. vestigium
15. nomina
16. temporum
17. baculi
18. periculo
19. silentiorum
20. auxilia
Part I
Give the Latin:
1. dangers abl. pl
2. time acc s.
3. rooms nom. pl.
4. name abl. s.
5. wheel acc. s.
6. oxen acc. pl.
7. load gen. s.
8. cart abl. s.
9. vehicles gen. pl.
10. clouds dat. pl.
11. dust acc. s
12. silence gen. s.
13. rumble nom. s.
14. sticks abl. pl.
15. tracks acc. pl
Part II Give the case and number of each noun. Some will have more than one answer.
1. rotam
2. pulvis
3. plaustra
4. oneribus
5. boves
6. vehiculo
7. cisiis
8. fossâ
9. pulveris
10. tunica
11. raedarum
12. murmur
13. cubiculo
14. vestigium
15. nomina
16. temporum
17. baculi
18. periculo
19. silentiorum
20. auxilia
chapter 15 vocabulary quiz
Go to this link when told by your teacher:
chapter 15 vocabulary quiz
English to Latin Vocabulary Quiz
Neuter Nouns Quiz
chapter 15 vocabulary quiz
English to Latin Vocabulary Quiz
Neuter Nouns Quiz