The above is a mile marker along a road. Mile markers were a common means to show distances before maps. On page 124 is a picture of a mile marker, many are still found throughout Great Britain giving directions and mileage. Mile markers were even common in the American Colonies. Here is a map of mile markers that were used to set forth the District of Columbia.
Washington D.C. Mile markers
When George Washington, in 1791, was establishing an area for the federal government to function, he laid out 100 square miles of land giving the job to three surveyors. It was hazardous work, one of them died during the survey of the rough terrain. Here is a link to an article about the mile markers some still existing.
As mile-markers define terrain so adjectives make language colorful by giving description to nouns teasing out rich meanings in their trailing wake. Our next adventure in Latin is to see how adjectives work, first in the 1st and 2nd declensions since we group those together. Together they cover all three genders and are separate from third declension adjectives. Also, adjectives are found only in the first three of Latin's declensions. Lastly, we want to understand how all Latin adjectives work regardless of their declensions. I'm making it too complicated and it really is all rather simple. Let's look at adjectives in English then move to the Latin.
Let's go over the concept of gender in Latin and this video will help. Then the second video explains gender and adjectives working in Latin. This second video covers the 1st and 2nd Declensions:
Let's move to some exercises to strengthen our understanding:
Adjectives
Noun Adjective Completion
Multiple Choice Completion
In our previous lesson, we watched a video about the Roman number system. You can go back and see it again, if you need to, but the concepts are needed for this number exercise. Also, here is a Roman numeral converter to check your answers.
Roman Numerals
After doing this exercise, try adding the numbers you got using the Roman method discussed in the last Chapter's video. Adding using Roman numbers is actually easier than using the Arabic system we have today. Just give it a try.
Here is the converter to check your answers on the above exercise:
Roman Number Converter
On to vocabulary. Look at page 119 and some words are also found on page 120. When you're done take on these exercises:
vocabulary 1
vocabulary 2
vocabulary 3
vocabulary 4
Ok. Now time for a little fun and learning. Here is a good video on life in Ancient Rome from a boy's perspective. It's informative while a little entertaining.
Adjectives
Noun Adjective Completion
Multiple Choice Completion
In our previous lesson, we watched a video about the Roman number system. You can go back and see it again, if you need to, but the concepts are needed for this number exercise. Also, here is a Roman numeral converter to check your answers.
Roman Numerals
After doing this exercise, try adding the numbers you got using the Roman method discussed in the last Chapter's video. Adding using Roman numbers is actually easier than using the Arabic system we have today. Just give it a try.
Here is the converter to check your answers on the above exercise:
Roman Number Converter
On to vocabulary. Look at page 119 and some words are also found on page 120. When you're done take on these exercises:
vocabulary 1
vocabulary 2
vocabulary 3
vocabulary 4
Ok. Now time for a little fun and learning. Here is a good video on life in Ancient Rome from a boy's perspective. It's informative while a little entertaining.
Now to the translation of the story on page 119. This time the story extends over to page 120, so don't forget to turn the page when translating. As always, number every sentence for reference in your notebook. One more thing: BIG HINT TIME -- can you identify the vocative case nouns in the story NOW! If yes, you're in good shape for a question on a future test; if no, then do a review. Remember the vocative is the 'calling' case where one person is calling another.
pen/paper exercise
Chapter 16
Agreement Practice
Give the Latin for:
1. bad time accusative
2. good citizens nominative
3. distinguished senator genitive
4. new vehicles ablative
5. stupid boys accusative
6. long journey accusative
7. large loads ablative
8. three children dative
9. unhappy coachman ablative
10. half-asleep doorman genitive
11. big sticks nominative
12. one 4 wheeled carriage accusative
13. full country houses nominative
14. wicked slaves dative
15. my letter genitive
Agreement Practice
Give the Latin for:
1. bad time accusative
2. good citizens nominative
3. distinguished senator genitive
4. new vehicles ablative
5. stupid boys accusative
6. long journey accusative
7. large loads ablative
8. three children dative
9. unhappy coachman ablative
10. half-asleep doorman genitive
11. big sticks nominative
12. one 4 wheeled carriage accusative
13. full country houses nominative
14. wicked slaves dative
15. my letter genitive
Chapter 16 vocabulary quiz
Go to this link only when instructed:
chapter 16 vocabulary quiz
adjective quiz
English to Latin Vocabulary Quiz
chapter 16 vocabulary quiz
adjective quiz
English to Latin Vocabulary Quiz