We have a running start with this chapter since it concerns the rest of the Perfect Tense that we learned last chapter. We focused before on the third person, singular and plural, of that tense and now we will learn the remainder of the forms. Those forms are the first and second persons. The video from the last chapter covered those too but we did not focus on them, now we will focus on them. It's only two more singular then plural forms, so there is nothing hard here. Then we will add to our grammar knowledge with the adverb 'dum', uses of the infinitive, and learn about principal parts of verbs. It's very simple and let's do them one at a time, the result will be knowing them all well.
As teachers our job is to take a subject and break it down into small mentally digestible parts, your job is to learn and assemble those parts creating a whole picture. That picture becomes part of the many pictures of the decorated home you mentally occupy constituting the sophisticated person you are becoming. By the way, what I am saying here about teaching and learning is very deep. There is one philosopher whose name you will not hear until the later years of college, Martin Heidegger, who describes 'language as the house that humans dwell in'. He is very right, since language is any communication of one person to another; it can be math, music, a hand gesture (sign language or an obscenity), chemistry, dance, sports, etc. The more those languages we know the bigger the house that we live in because we can do more, experience more, understand more. So keep learning and expanding your language -- all those languages.
Let's get back on track with Latin now, a powerful language if there ever was one, it is the basis of all Western languages and the one uniting Europe for two thousand years plus.
Look on page 160 and learn the forms in the shadow box. The first shadow-box set is the endings and the second set is the endings attached to the third principal part of the verb. That leads us to the question of -- what are principal parts? I am glad you asked! Here is a video on just that -- including a discussion of 'participles' that you can ignore for now.
As teachers our job is to take a subject and break it down into small mentally digestible parts, your job is to learn and assemble those parts creating a whole picture. That picture becomes part of the many pictures of the decorated home you mentally occupy constituting the sophisticated person you are becoming. By the way, what I am saying here about teaching and learning is very deep. There is one philosopher whose name you will not hear until the later years of college, Martin Heidegger, who describes 'language as the house that humans dwell in'. He is very right, since language is any communication of one person to another; it can be math, music, a hand gesture (sign language or an obscenity), chemistry, dance, sports, etc. The more those languages we know the bigger the house that we live in because we can do more, experience more, understand more. So keep learning and expanding your language -- all those languages.
Let's get back on track with Latin now, a powerful language if there ever was one, it is the basis of all Western languages and the one uniting Europe for two thousand years plus.
Look on page 160 and learn the forms in the shadow box. The first shadow-box set is the endings and the second set is the endings attached to the third principal part of the verb. That leads us to the question of -- what are principal parts? I am glad you asked! Here is a video on just that -- including a discussion of 'participles' that you can ignore for now.
To make certain we have an understanding of this, do this exercise using popular Latin verbs, this way we review the verbs and learn principal parts:
Principal Parts
Now let's view again the video on all the forms of the Perfect Tense attending to all forms.
Principal Parts
Now let's view again the video on all the forms of the Perfect Tense attending to all forms.
With this now understood, let's reinforce it with an exercise:
Perfect Tense
Latin has several adverbs regularly used in clauses and one clause uses the word 'dum' meaning 'while.' Look on page 161 for a discussion of this word in subordinate clauses. Then do this exercise:
Subordinate Clauses
Now let's deepen our understanding of the infinitive this is the verb form that uses the word 'to' as in 'to run, to sing, to dance.' It is also the second principal part of every Latin verb. Look on page 162 for a discussion of this. Infinitives can serve to show action that is the subject or object of a verb. That sounds a little complex but not really, you have been speaking this way all your life. This next video will help explain:
Perfect Tense
Latin has several adverbs regularly used in clauses and one clause uses the word 'dum' meaning 'while.' Look on page 161 for a discussion of this word in subordinate clauses. Then do this exercise:
Subordinate Clauses
Now let's deepen our understanding of the infinitive this is the verb form that uses the word 'to' as in 'to run, to sing, to dance.' It is also the second principal part of every Latin verb. Look on page 162 for a discussion of this. Infinitives can serve to show action that is the subject or object of a verb. That sounds a little complex but not really, you have been speaking this way all your life. This next video will help explain:
Good. Now try your hand at this exercise:
Infinitive Uses
Let's move onto the culture of Roman hospitality. 'Hospes' was a different concept for Romans than for us: it was a multi-generational relationship going backwards and forwards for hundreds of years. It created an informal social network allowing people to support each other across land-boundaries and time. Read about it on page 164 then check your understanding with this:
Hospes
Look at the picture on the bottom of page 163 of the men carrying amphora. These carried wine or olive oil and the vessels were disposable; indeed, mounds of them exist in Rome and are studied carefully. This video explains:
Infinitive Uses
Let's move onto the culture of Roman hospitality. 'Hospes' was a different concept for Romans than for us: it was a multi-generational relationship going backwards and forwards for hundreds of years. It created an informal social network allowing people to support each other across land-boundaries and time. Read about it on page 164 then check your understanding with this:
Hospes
Look at the picture on the bottom of page 163 of the men carrying amphora. These carried wine or olive oil and the vessels were disposable; indeed, mounds of them exist in Rome and are studied carefully. This video explains:
Onto vocabulary, memorize the words on page 159 AND 160, then practice with these exercises:
vocabulary 1
vocabulary 2
vocabulary 3
On page 158 is a scene with Cornelius and the boys in the restaurant or bar of the inn. The woman dancing on stage would have look something like one of the women in the video below. Watch a few minutes and you'll get the idea. The music was simple as reflected in the video.
vocabulary 1
vocabulary 2
vocabulary 3
On page 158 is a scene with Cornelius and the boys in the restaurant or bar of the inn. The woman dancing on stage would have look something like one of the women in the video below. Watch a few minutes and you'll get the idea. The music was simple as reflected in the video.
Translate what is happening on page 158 using the story on page 159 into your notebooks, numbering each sentence for reference. Job well done. Well done!
Amphora
Regarding amphora, mentioned above, some could be quite beautiful with complex geometric patters such as this one on display in the Louvre, Paris. It dates from about 700 B.C. Most amphorae were disposable, sort of like our aluminum cans or plastic bottles, use once and toss. Click on the term 'amphora' above for a fuller discussion of these necessary and valuable containers of the Greek and Roman Worlds.
pen/paper exercise
Chapter 20
Verb Practice
1.vigilabat
2.devorant
3.dicit
4. necaverant
5. narraverunt
6. lavabatis
7.vigilavero
8.devoraveratis
9.dixit
10.necabam
11.narro
12. lavant
13. licet
14. vigilas
15. devorabant
16. dixeris
17. necaveramus
18. narravisti
19. lavabas
20. iubet
21. iubebat
22. iusseram
23. gemo
24. gemebam
25. gemui
26.pernoctaverant
27.cenabas
28. duxerint
29.gemueratis
30.veniebam
31.verberaverat
32.volueratis
33. ibant
34 .vitat
35. gaudent
36 . movisti
37. haeruerint
38. interpellaveras
39. agit
40. egerit
Part II
1. we had told a story
2. they will have said
3. I did eat dinner
4. you (s) lead
5. you (s) were leading
6. you (s) have led
7. you (s) had led
8. you (s) will have led
9. you (pl) had been hungry
10. he will have been
11. they were staying awake
12. we had fled
13. I had been sad
14. you (s) recognized
15. he was staying awake
16. they devour
17. he says
18. they had killed
19. they told, spoke, said
20. you were washing, washed
21. I will have stayed awake
22. you had devoured
23. he said
24. I was killing
25. I tell
26. they wash
27. it is allowed
28. you stay awake
29. they were devouring
30. you will have said
31. we had killed
32. you told
33. you were washing
34. he orders
35. he was ordering
36. I had ordered
37. I groan
38. I was groaning
39. I groaned
40. I had groaned
Vocabulary Quiz:
Chapter 20 vocabulary quiz
English to Latin Vocabulary Quiz
Perfect Tense Quiz
Verb Practice
1.vigilabat
2.devorant
3.dicit
4. necaverant
5. narraverunt
6. lavabatis
7.vigilavero
8.devoraveratis
9.dixit
10.necabam
11.narro
12. lavant
13. licet
14. vigilas
15. devorabant
16. dixeris
17. necaveramus
18. narravisti
19. lavabas
20. iubet
21. iubebat
22. iusseram
23. gemo
24. gemebam
25. gemui
26.pernoctaverant
27.cenabas
28. duxerint
29.gemueratis
30.veniebam
31.verberaverat
32.volueratis
33. ibant
34 .vitat
35. gaudent
36 . movisti
37. haeruerint
38. interpellaveras
39. agit
40. egerit
Part II
1. we had told a story
2. they will have said
3. I did eat dinner
4. you (s) lead
5. you (s) were leading
6. you (s) have led
7. you (s) had led
8. you (s) will have led
9. you (pl) had been hungry
10. he will have been
11. they were staying awake
12. we had fled
13. I had been sad
14. you (s) recognized
15. he was staying awake
16. they devour
17. he says
18. they had killed
19. they told, spoke, said
20. you were washing, washed
21. I will have stayed awake
22. you had devoured
23. he said
24. I was killing
25. I tell
26. they wash
27. it is allowed
28. you stay awake
29. they were devouring
30. you will have said
31. we had killed
32. you told
33. you were washing
34. he orders
35. he was ordering
36. I had ordered
37. I groan
38. I was groaning
39. I groaned
40. I had groaned
Vocabulary Quiz:
Chapter 20 vocabulary quiz
English to Latin Vocabulary Quiz
Perfect Tense Quiz