Our grammar lesson today starts with the simple phrase 'necesse est.' What do you think this means? It automatically calls for an infinitive to complete it. So whenever you see the phrase 'necesse est' you can expect an '-are, -ere, or -ire' form of a verb to be in the sentence too. Read the very short chapter on top of page 34 about this phrase.
Now let's focus on nouns and adjectives. Latin has genders. Every word in this language has personality or a sex, if you will, as objects are personified as extensions of humans; indeed, we humans make the whole world ours with expressions like "the eye of the storm," "the foot of the hill," " the blood of the grape" and so on. We own the universe with how we language it. Genders in Latin are an example of that. A table is feminine and a branch of a tree is masculine. Some things are neither so are called neuter. Let's get an idea of how this works in Latin with nouns and adjectives. The focus is on adjectives since they are able to change genders to match the nouns they modify. The video will talk about all five cases and other things you can avoid for now. Try to understand the message about how adjectives modify nouns and the differences among the three genders.
Now let's focus on nouns and adjectives. Latin has genders. Every word in this language has personality or a sex, if you will, as objects are personified as extensions of humans; indeed, we humans make the whole world ours with expressions like "the eye of the storm," "the foot of the hill," " the blood of the grape" and so on. We own the universe with how we language it. Genders in Latin are an example of that. A table is feminine and a branch of a tree is masculine. Some things are neither so are called neuter. Let's get an idea of how this works in Latin with nouns and adjectives. The focus is on adjectives since they are able to change genders to match the nouns they modify. The video will talk about all five cases and other things you can avoid for now. Try to understand the message about how adjectives modify nouns and the differences among the three genders.
Check your understanding of noun-adjective agreement with this review.
noun-adjective agreement
Venture into vocabulary on page 33. After you have looked over the words, try our exercises:
vocabulary match 1
vocabulary match 2
vocabulary match 3
You should have the vocabulary down well now and ready for our next exercise. Try this practice quiz using the vocabulary and adjective agreement we learned.
Quiz
Here are two sets of 'little words' regularly used and a matching test will serve well to cement these in mind. Try your hand at these two that serve as a summary of what has been learned so far on these:
little words 1
little words 2
Our culture lesson is about Roman slavery and this video gives us the background. You can read the one page discussion about this on page 37. In our stories, the British slave, Davus, is a 'villicus' or overseer of the Family villa near Baia, Naples. As the overseer, he is trusted and given authority over other slaves. He knows he has it good and is loyal to the Cornelii Family. Roman slavery was very complex, gladiators were mostly slaves as were most laborers, but there were also 'body slaves' attending to the physical well being of a person who became trusted companions. Then there were the most loved slaves: there is a tombstone of a 17 year-old boy that reads "born a slave -- died as a son." Care could come for companions out of basic human compassion.
noun-adjective agreement
Venture into vocabulary on page 33. After you have looked over the words, try our exercises:
vocabulary match 1
vocabulary match 2
vocabulary match 3
You should have the vocabulary down well now and ready for our next exercise. Try this practice quiz using the vocabulary and adjective agreement we learned.
Quiz
Here are two sets of 'little words' regularly used and a matching test will serve well to cement these in mind. Try your hand at these two that serve as a summary of what has been learned so far on these:
little words 1
little words 2
Our culture lesson is about Roman slavery and this video gives us the background. You can read the one page discussion about this on page 37. In our stories, the British slave, Davus, is a 'villicus' or overseer of the Family villa near Baia, Naples. As the overseer, he is trusted and given authority over other slaves. He knows he has it good and is loyal to the Cornelii Family. Roman slavery was very complex, gladiators were mostly slaves as were most laborers, but there were also 'body slaves' attending to the physical well being of a person who became trusted companions. Then there were the most loved slaves: there is a tombstone of a 17 year-old boy that reads "born a slave -- died as a son." Care could come for companions out of basic human compassion.
So far so good. Translate the story of page 33 with numbered sentences into your notebook for review. Read the Latin and try to understand what the story is about before you start to translate it.
When you are done with your translation, give yourself this treat. Here is a wonderfully made video on spoken Latin with a modern day tour of Rome. Great visuals and listen to the pronunciation. Just a pleasure to take in.
When you are done with your translation, give yourself this treat. Here is a wonderfully made video on spoken Latin with a modern day tour of Rome. Great visuals and listen to the pronunciation. Just a pleasure to take in.
Pen/paper exercise
Chapter 6 Worksheet
Noun/Adjective Combinations
Put these into Latin:
1. happy girl direct object
2. neighboring houses subject
3. tired (girl) friend subject
4. active girls direct object
5. boy alone subject
6. many slaves direct object
7. Roman men subject
8. worried slave woman direct object
9. happy voice subject
10. weak branches direct objects
11. big wolves subject
12. cool streams direct object
13. warm water direct object
14. happy mother subject
15. large fishponds subject
16. reckless shouting direct object
17. lazy (male) friends direct object
18. safe forest subject
19. cold food direct object
20. angry father subject
Noun/Adjective Combinations
Put these into Latin:
1. happy girl direct object
2. neighboring houses subject
3. tired (girl) friend subject
4. active girls direct object
5. boy alone subject
6. many slaves direct object
7. Roman men subject
8. worried slave woman direct object
9. happy voice subject
10. weak branches direct objects
11. big wolves subject
12. cool streams direct object
13. warm water direct object
14. happy mother subject
15. large fishponds subject
16. reckless shouting direct object
17. lazy (male) friends direct object
18. safe forest subject
19. cold food direct object
20. angry father subject