Let's learn about two cases now: Nominative and Accusative. That are really quite easy and this video will show you the logic of how they work. We do have cases in English but we'll return to that later. You can look on page 41 for a discussion of this video's content. In brief, the case controls how a word is used in a sentence: subject or object of the verb. Remember there are singular and plural forms of every noun too, so there are singular and plural forms of the Nominative and Accusative cases. It is case operation that allows the language to be inflected in turn allowing a different word order than positional languages that, like English, rely on the position of the word to determine the use of the word in the sentence.
The Latin noun forms on page 41 need to be memorized but you will learn them with usage too. Notice too that the nouns are broken into three Declensions, that is groupings of words. Every noun has a Declension and we will explain more on this later. Try this listening exercise to see if you have the 'who's doing what' word order down.
listening exercise
Now identify who greets whom in this exercise. (In the previous sentence, notice how the word 'who' changed spelling based on its Nominative or Accusative use in our English sentence -- that is case operation as still retained in English.)
case exercise
Since cases are so important, review again the third declension cases and all the plural forms on page 41. Then do Nouns and Adjectives and the section below that : Cases and Declensions in these links.
Nouns and Adjectives
Cases and Declensions
You will get used to clues that Latin can give to help with translating. Look at page 42 for the section 'Recognizing Clues' and read about the simple five Latin sentences. Now reinforce this with this exercise.
clues
Move to vocabulary. Review the words on page 39. Look for English derivatives from these words. There are many. When you feel ready, try these two matching exercises to help learn this vocabulary.
Matching 1
Matching 2
Let's take a break and learn about culture. For a 3D animation of the Roman home look at this video. This will help us understand the villa of the Cornelii Family. Read about their villa on pages 45 to 48. They would have been a family of wealth, of course, having both a country villa (villa rustica) and a city house (domus). This would have been typical for a family of means then. The second video explains about daily life discussing urban living and gives us a great background for our translations.
listening exercise
Now identify who greets whom in this exercise. (In the previous sentence, notice how the word 'who' changed spelling based on its Nominative or Accusative use in our English sentence -- that is case operation as still retained in English.)
case exercise
Since cases are so important, review again the third declension cases and all the plural forms on page 41. Then do Nouns and Adjectives and the section below that : Cases and Declensions in these links.
Nouns and Adjectives
Cases and Declensions
You will get used to clues that Latin can give to help with translating. Look at page 42 for the section 'Recognizing Clues' and read about the simple five Latin sentences. Now reinforce this with this exercise.
clues
Move to vocabulary. Review the words on page 39. Look for English derivatives from these words. There are many. When you feel ready, try these two matching exercises to help learn this vocabulary.
Matching 1
Matching 2
Let's take a break and learn about culture. For a 3D animation of the Roman home look at this video. This will help us understand the villa of the Cornelii Family. Read about their villa on pages 45 to 48. They would have been a family of wealth, of course, having both a country villa (villa rustica) and a city house (domus). This would have been typical for a family of means then. The second video explains about daily life discussing urban living and gives us a great background for our translations.
Let's check on whether you have the main points we need for you to know from this culture lesson. This will help with the translation since you will better know the context.
culture
Even if you do not get 100% right on the questions, just by going back and checking on your so-called 'wrong' answers, you are learning. So keep at it with the links, the exercises serve to expand your knowledge and it is expanding. Let's do this review now for all seven chapters:
review
Look at the picture on page 38. There are several activities taking place and they are reflected in the story of page 39. Translate the story. Please be sure to number your sentences. Also, check out the video below.
culture
Even if you do not get 100% right on the questions, just by going back and checking on your so-called 'wrong' answers, you are learning. So keep at it with the links, the exercises serve to expand your knowledge and it is expanding. Let's do this review now for all seven chapters:
review
Look at the picture on page 38. There are several activities taking place and they are reflected in the story of page 39. Translate the story. Please be sure to number your sentences. Also, check out the video below.
Here is the Getty museum that has a replica of a wealthy Roman villa house. If you would like to see how the really wealthy lived.
Pen/paper exercise
Chapter 7 Case and Number Identification Practice
1. messenger
accusative sing.
2. water
accusative plural
3. foods
nominative plural
4. slave women
accusative plural
5. man
nominative singular
6. girls
nominative plural
7. male friends
accusative plural
8. voices
nominative plural
9. crash
accusative singular
10. wolf
accusative singular
11. trees
accusative plural
12. cities
nominative plural
13. father
nominative singular
14. shout
accusative singular
15. senators
nominative plural
1. messenger
accusative sing.
2. water
accusative plural
3. foods
nominative plural
4. slave women
accusative plural
5. man
nominative singular
6. girls
nominative plural
7. male friends
accusative plural
8. voices
nominative plural
9. crash
accusative singular
10. wolf
accusative singular
11. trees
accusative plural
12. cities
nominative plural
13. father
nominative singular
14. shout
accusative singular
15. senators
nominative plural
chapter 7 vocabulary quiz
Go to this link only when instructed by your teacher.
chapter 7 vocabulary quiz
noun forms/cases quiz
English to Latin Vocabulary Quiz
chapter 7 vocabulary quiz
noun forms/cases quiz
English to Latin Vocabulary Quiz